Helsinki Summit USA-Russia proposal +Cyber-Law CoE Expert to "EF" on Election Interference: Who ?

 

*Strasbourg/Angelo Marcopolo/- Who "Interfered" the most in the US 2016 Elections ? And what Top Experts on Cyber-Security and/or relevant Law Data told "Eurofora" about that notorious "Election Interference" row, and the Proposals made, on this occasion, at the Helsinki Summit between USA and Russia Presidents Don Trump and Vladimir Putin ?  

Questions are legitimately raised, from many converging points of view, about an Issue which rocks in the Establishment's Medias nowadays, Both at the Eve, and at the Aftermath of that Exceptionally Important Top Summit :

- First of all, the 2 Strongest World Super-Powers, who, alone, possess almost 90% of the Nuclear Arms, as President Trump reminded, Naturally had a Duty to try to Deal with, and Help Solve Issues seriously Affecting the whole World, or a Great Part of it, as more or less "Challenges facing the Humanity" as a whole, such as, f.ex., :

Arms Race, particularly Nuclear Weapons with Nowadays Technologies, Nuclear Proliferation (including North Korea, or Iran, after India and Pakistan etc) ; the "Scourge" of a "Creeping", Deadly Islamist Terrorism, cowardly Targetting mainly innocent Civilian People ; "Peace" and "Regional Crises", (1st of all Syria : mainly to Help War Refugees Return Back Home, and protect Europe a.o. from a Big and specific Demographic "Pressure", as Both, and particularly President Putin underlined. But also Middle-East/Israel, Ukraine conflict : which Divides the European Continent since 2014, etc) ; International Economic Issues (Growth, Trade, Energy, etc) and/or Environment problems, etc. Both Leaders pointed with a crystal-clear way towards those and/or other Obvious Global Priorities.

But, Suddenly, the only "Breaking News" in the Establishment's Medias, which Surfaced right at the Eve of that Crucial Helsinki Top Summit, (the 1st full, after a Brief Trump-Putin Meeting on the Sidelines of the Hamburg "G20" Summit, last July 2017 in Germany, and a Short Exchange during APEC's 2018 Summit : Comp. "Eurofora"s NewsReports from Hamburg, f.ex., at : ... + ..., etc), was Only a partly "Re-Make" about USA's Opposition Bitterness for having Lost the 2016 US Presidential Election, where Appointed Special Attorney Mueller claimed, Further, that he would have Found out Who was that Group of "12" Russian Agents accused of having allegedly Accessed Data in the Dems' Party's ("Socialist"/Liberal Opposition) HeadQuarters, and "Leaked" them to the Public, Before People Vote, (See, f.ex. : ..., etc).

=> Wasn't that (obviously "Dated") Disruption of World-wide Big Issues, most affecting all Humanity (Comp. Supra), by such a sudden "Invasion" of Internal US Politics (interressing mainly its National Opposition Party's grievances), a real "Interference", in the full meaning of the word ?

At least, it's like this, that Bitterly Felt it, Many Europeans, Koreans, Civilian Victims Targetted by ISIS' Deadly Attacks in various Countries accross the World (France, Germany, UK, Spain, USA, Russia, Egypt, Tunisia, Nigeria, Indonesia, Afghanistan, etc), War Refugees, Syrians and Many Others...

As for the USA and Russia Presidents, Don Trump and Vladimir Putin, they Also slamed that Negative, sudden Interference of routine Internal petty Politics, in an Exceptional Summit of the 2 Strongest SuperPowers in the World, with a Global Agenda (Comp. Supra) :

- "This probe is a Disaster for our Country (USA) !", "It is a Shame", "Ridiculous", Denounced Trump. + "And it has had a Negative Impact upon the Relationship of the 2 Largest Nuclear Powers in the World. We have 90 % of Nuclear Power between the 2 Countries. ...it’s Ridiculous what is going on with the Probe" (by special attorney Mueller).

- "Total Nonsense !", decried Vladimir Putin about "Collusion" claims checked by that. "Let's discuss these matters in Substance, rather than use Russia-US relations as a Bargaining Chip in the Domestic political strife inside the US", he urged, instead.

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=> In fact, "as you know, the whole concept of that came ... out as a reason Why the Democrats ("Socialists"/Liberals) Lost an election ... that was a well-fought battle ... But ... there was no collusion; I didn’t know the President (of Russia); there was Nobody to collude with; there was No collusion with the Campaign. And every time you hear about all of these 12 or 13, it’s stuff that has Nothing to do – and frankly, they admit – these are Not people involved in the Campaign". "The Main thing ... is Zero Collusion", replied the US President to a relevant Press Question.

- Therefore, "as President, I cannot make decisions on Foreign Policy in a futile effort to appease Partisan critics, or the Media, or Democrats ("Socialists"/Liberals) who want to do nothing but resist and Obstruct", Don Trump explained. "Nothing would be Easier politically than to Refuse to meet, to refuse to engage, But that would not accomplish anything".

 >>> On the Contrary, "Constructive Dialogue between the US and Russia forges the opportunity to open new Pathways toward Peace and Stability in our World. I would rather take a Political Risk in pursuit of Peace, Than to Risk Peace in pursuit of Politics", he vowed.  

- However, "During Today’s meeting, I addressed directly with President Putin the issue of Russian interference in our (US) elections. I felt that this was a message best delivered in person. We spent a great deal of Time talking about it, and President Putin may very well want to Address it, and very strongly, because he feels very strongly about it, and he has an Interesting Idea", Trump Revealed from the outset, (See Infra).

 - Indeed, "Once again President Trump touched on the so-called Russian Interference in the Electoral process in the US. I had to Repeat what I said many times before ... : Russia (as a State) has Never, and Will Never Interfere in US Domestic affairs, including the Electoral process", Vladimir Putin promised.

=> Moreover, Today, "We (Moscow) are Ready to Examine all concrete materials that may be presented", the Russian President Announced.
- This could be done, "f.ex., in the framework of the CyberSecurity working Group, the establishment of which we Discussed during our meeting in Hamburg"'s G20 Summit, he proposed, initially, (Comp. "Eurofora"s NewsReports from the spot, f.ex. : ..., etc).

+ Replying afterwards to a Press Question, Vladimir Putin, stressed that, as a matter of general Principle, "We should Not rely on the Momentary Political Interests of some Internal Political parties inside our countries, But on Facts" :

- "Tell me at least 1 Fact that Proves Collusion during the (2016) Election campaign in the US. This is total Nonsense. We did Not (even) Know each other !", he reminded.

+ However, from a Different (Non-Governemental) point of view, "it's only Natural that the Russian Public (i.e. Private Persons) developed a certain Attitude towards the (US Presidential) Candidates. There is Nothing UnUsual about this". Simply Because "1 Candidate, Mr Trump spoke of the necessity to Restore Russia-US Relations. Naturally, the Russian Public (i.e. the People) developed a Liking for this candidate, and Various people expressed this attitude in Different Ways", (f.ex. also by trying to participate in World Wide Web's Debates, etc). "Isn't it Natural to have a Liking for a person Who wants to Build Relations with our country ? This is Normal", he pointed out.

- F.ex., in this regard, Previously, there were some "Accusations against the (Private Russian)Company "Concord"". But "this company hired American Lawyers, and the Accusations against it just Fell apart in a US Court !", he observed. "This is the 1st thing".

+"Second, as for the 12 alleged Russian intelligence Officers (Comp. Supra), I do Not Know about this yet", But "I'll have a look on that", he promised, (concerning the Latest Mueller's Accusations, curiously published at the Eve of this exceptional Helsinki US-Russia Summit : See ..., etc).

- "The President (Trump) also Asked me this question", "we Talked about this", and  "now" "I can Suggest" the following, Vladimir Putin proposed, pointing at 2 possible Levels of US-Russia Cooperation in this matter :

    (a) Simply use "the Treaty, between the US and Russia, on "Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters" of 1999", he suggested.

- "This has proven Effective", with, f.ex., already  "up to 150 Legal Proceedings in Russia, at the request of other Countries", as well as, some "years ago", when even "our former nuclear industry Minister was Extradited by the US to Russia and received a sentence in Court here", Putin reminded. That "Treaty provides concrete Procedures for Cooperation" :

=> F.ex., the US relevant "Commission led by US Special Counsel ...Mr Mueller ... should send us (Russian Federation), in compliance with this Treaty, an official Request for Interrogating the People that he believes to be guilty of committing a Crime. Our (Russia's) Prosecutor-General’s Office and Investigative Agencies can Interrogate these People, and Forward the relevant materials to the US", he suggested.

+ It's Interesting to note, in this regard, that Russia is, since 1996, Member of the Paneuropean Organisation of the CoE, (HeadQuartered in Strasbourg : and where USA has a Special "Observer" Status), whose 47 Member Countries have all Signed and Ratified a similar, Pioneer (1959) Treaty for Mutual Assistance in Criminal matters. In Addition, as the New CoE's Director General on Legal and Human Rights' affairs, Christos Giakoumopoulos, has Recently Observed, from the outset, at his Speech at the on "Russia and the ECHR", in the "International Legal Forum", at Saint-Petersburg, on May 2018, due mainly to the Transformations influenced by ECHR's case-law and by the New Russian Constitution, "as a result", about 20 Years Later (1996-2018), "Russian Federation is governed Today by a corpus of Law which is Modern, Effective and ... intrinsically European".
(See : https://www.coe.int/en/web/human-rights-rule-of-law/2018-saint-petersburg-international-legal-forum-russia-and-echr-by-christos-giakoumopoulos).

    + (b) "Moreover, we can take anOther Step" further, the Russian President added :

- " We can allow US official representatives, including those from the Mueller-led commission, to be Present at the Interrogation" in Russia, Vladimir Putin announced.

 -  But, "Certainly, in this case, we will be seeking Reciprocal steps from the US : We’ll expect the American party to Interrogate the Officials, (including US intelligence, Federal State Officers : See Infra), who are Suspected of committing illegal acts in Russia, in the Presence of Our investigation Officers" in the USA, as well, he proposed.

>>> On this regard, the Russian proposal concerns "the High-profile Case, involving (controversial, London-based Businessman, linked to the complicated, multifacet Magnitsky affair, and against whom an INTERPOL Warrant was edicted, without being really applied) Mr. (Bill) Browder’s "Hermitage Capital" Company. According to our (RF) investigative officers, a Group of people – Mr Browder’s business Partners – who illegally made over $1.5 Billion in Russia, did Not pay Taxes, either in Russia or the US, but Transferred this Money to the US", where, in Addition, "they contributed $ 400 Million to Ms (Hillary) Clinton’s Election Campaign" of 2016, Vladimir Putin Denounced.

- "This is Official Information, included in Their (Browders' Business Partners) Reports : $400 Millions" for Hillary Clinton's Campaign, he noted.

++ In Addition too this obvious INTERFERENCE in the 2016 US Presidential Election, by Private persons, "We (Russia) have Grounds to Suspect that (Moreover) US Intelligence Officers (i.e. USA's Federal State's Agents) supported these illegal transactions", Vladimir Putin claimed.

- More particularly, concerning those Browders' Business Partners (Comp. Supra); "it was up to them, They Might (perhaps) have done this Legally" (i.e. Fund Hillary Clinton), "but the Gains were ill-gotten", (i.e. something apparently Equivalent, also, to Money Laundering too !), he denounced.

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+++ Opening an Horizon able to Advance even well Beyond that, the Russian President added that "this is only 1 Step Forward", because "We (USA-Russia) can Talk about Expanding our Cooperation. You’re Welcome" : F.ex., "there might be Options that are provided for in the appropriate intergovernmental Treaty", he highlighted.

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* But, despite these Distinctions between Private Persons' or States' eventual Attempts to "Interfere" in an Election, and/or  between Secret Services' mere Hypothesis or Assumptions, and Crystal-Clear "Hard" Facts, particularly Established by Courts and/or existing in unquestionable Legal Norms (Comp. Supra),

a Provocative Question raised by an AP Correspondent (probably Hired since Barack Hussein Obama/Hillary Clinton's Past Era...), which, curiously, CONFUSED between Individuals or Governments, and between Secret Services' often Foggy Claims or Courts/Legal Rules' clarity,
resulted in an Interesting, further Discussion of these matters :

 - "Every (sic !) US Intelligence Agency has concluded that Russia did [commit an "Election Interference in 2016"]", he claimed. While "President Putin denied having anything to do with" that, the same added.  - "Who do you Believe ?", he asked, in a Misleading (See +Infra), too over-Simplistic way...

Obviously, that Collegue didn't explain precisely Which Agency, under Whose Responsibility, and with Which Facts or Arguments, he meant : Perhaps those Claims already made by "Socialist"/Liberal former POTUS Barack Hussein Obama - Appointees ? Or, perhaps, "under" the current (Trump-appointed) New Attorney General, Jeff Sessions, who has notoriously ...Desisted himself from the relevant Investigations ? Maybe under Mr. Mueller's Controversial Investigation : Himself owing to Obama his Exceptionaly Prolonged Service as former FBI Director, and Later Re-Hired as "Special Investigator" notoriously after Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein's intervention on 2017, Himself having initialy been Hired at his 1st Job in a Federal Attorney Administration  Directed then by Mueller, as Early as since Back on 1990-1993 ? (See : ..., etc). Moreover, of Which "Conclusions" did he refer  : May be, merely those strictly Limited into an Anonymous Paper Vaguely evoking some Foggy ..."Estimations", "Best Assumptions", and so on, withOut Citting any Concrete, unquestionable and verifiable Evidence at all (as Most of such "Intelligence" Papers recently used to do in such matters) ?... And What has this to do with the Crystal-Clear, Court proceedings and/or Legal Rules to which the Russian President referred, Making a concrete Proposal for a much more Transparent and Balanced Procedure as Solution (Comp. Supra), with the full Agreement of the New US President (+See also Infra) ?

At any case, this prompted, inter alia, also Further Clarifications by Vladimir Putin, in Reply, (See Hereby) as well as a very Interesting ... "Explosion" of New US President Don Trump's own Critical Arguments on this (much Larger, in Fact) "Election Interference" Issue, (See further Infra) :

 - "1st Point" : - "I have worked in Intelligence (services) too", Replied Putin, (notoriously a Former Long-Time Head of USSR's and even Modern Russia's Federal Security Service), "and I Know How these Dossiers are Compiled" (in the Dark)...

- "2nd Point" : "I consider Russia to be a Democratic State (Comp. Supra). If you don't deny (that) the USA is also a Democratic State, ...then, the Final Conclusion in such Disputes can Only be made in a Court, (i.e. after a Transparent, Contradictory Procedure, and Judged by an Independent and Impartial body, etc, according to Internationaly Established Principles, as, f.ex. also ECHR's Article 8). "Not an <<Intelligence Service>>" (i.e. practically in an One-Sided Dark), he clearly stressed.

+ Moreover, concerning Private Persons, as those who had been Previously Accused by Mueller etc. to have Allegedly Tried to "Interfere" in US Elections and Other Political Events, already as Early as since 2014 (i.e. entirely under Obama's tenure, as Trump also observed), "a Company I mentioned (Comp Supra) "Concord" (including Internet activities, Catering, etc), and one of our Restaurateurs are being accused of interference" Putin noted. But, "Even if that might", eventually, "be the case, ...So what ?" "...They do Not represent the Russian State", he pointed out.

- F.ex., on the Other (USA) Side, "you have Many people, including those with major Billion-dollar fortunes, such as Mr Soros" (controversial Billionaire). "He Interferes Everywhere he can. But what is this? Is it the position of the American State? No. This is the position of a Private person", he observed.

=> When "there is a trial in a USA Court, ...the Court is always the Final instance. Let them figure it out, we will see", he advised.

- But, "this applies to Private individuals only, Not to the State", President Putin Distinguised.

 => So that, concerning "the Latest Accusations against the Alleged Staff of our (Russian State's) Special Services :  There is an InterGovernmental Agreement. Go ahead and Send an official Request. Let the Mueller Commission send us a request, we will do our part, and provide an answer", the Russian President reiterated, Confirming his earlier promise, (Comp. Supra).

+ However, in Addition, "We can Expand this Cooperation, as I already mentioned, (i.e. by Adding the Presence of USA Officials during Investigations inside Russia : Comp. Supra), but only on a Reciprocal basis. We, then, would also expect the USA to provide Access to the persons we believe are the Special Services' Employees", (Comp. Supra).

>>> Indeed, "President Putin ... did .. an Incredible Offer : he offered to have the people working on the case (i.e. Mueller's Investigation Team) come and work with their (Russian Government's) investigators, with respect to the 12 (Suspected) people. I think that’s an incredible offer !", US President Don Trump positively Welcomed, on this key point.

=> So, "Let's Discuss these matters in Substance !", concluded the Russian President, by an open Invitation to serious Dialogue on the Heart of the matter.

[+ UPDATED Point] + Moreover, speaking Later-on, to "Fox-News" Media (USA, Conservative), Vladimir Putin reportedly Focused, indeed, much More on the Fact that the Latest Alleged "Interference" of 2016 did Not Concern Any "Fake News", Nothing "False" or Distorted, but, on the Contrary, the Revelation of a blatant TRUTH :

- I.e. that the Leaders of the Establishment of the "Socialist"/Liberal Democratic Party of Obama/Clinton, had done anything they could in order to ... INTERFERE in the Primary Elections inside the DP, in order to MANIPULATE them, and Scandalously UNDERMINE, SABOTAGE Any eventual Trend in favour of the Competitors to Hillary, (i.e. particularly the Popular BERNY SANDERS, etc), and FORCE an Artificial, FAKE Pseudo-"Victory" of the Clintons, as it is well Known : Indeed that's what was Notoriously REVEALED by the "LEAK" of the DNC's E-Mails, allegedly "Hacked" by an Unknown Group, and Aferwards Published by "WIKI-LEAKS", which UnMasked a SCANDAL that led to the RESIGNATION of the Leadership of Obama/Clinton's Party !

=> In other words, the so-called "Hackers" of DNC's Emails, served, in Fact, as ... WHISTLE-BLOWERS, REVEALING the TRUTH about a SCANDAL which Seeked to INTERFERE and MANIPULATE the Primary ELECTIONS inside the D.Party... I.e., the real "INTERFERENCE" was done by the OTHER SIDE...
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+ Meanwhile, however, US President Don Trump, had already Raised a Series of Critical Questions, concerning the Strange Behavior of the Other Side, (i.e. of Obama/Clinton's "Socialist"/Liberals), in these cases :

 - With regard to the above-mentioned Controversy about Who might have Revealed the Scandal of DNC's E-mails (Comp. Supra),; the US President observed that, in Fact,  "we have 2 Schools of Thought" :  

 - From the one side, "You have Groups (of People) that are Wondering why the FBI (already since Obama's tenure, Back on 2016) Never took the Server" of the DNC (Comp. supra), Trump denounced. And "I have" also "President Putin - who has just said : - "it is Not Russia" (i.e. Moscow's Government), which hacked DNC's Servers.

 - But, Others, inluding some among "My People, (such as White House Adviser "Dan Coats and some Others"), "came to me", and "said they Think it's Russia"...

=> "I will say this : ...I have Confidence in Both parties", Trump paradoxically stressed. And "I really believe that this (i.e. the Different Views on Who Revealed the Truth) will probably go on for a while"...

>>> "But", at any case, "I really Want to see the Server" which was allegedly "Hacked" at the DNC !, the US President stressed, as a matter of Principle.

 => "Why haven’t they (FBI+Attorney General+Investigator Mueller) taken the (allegedly "Hacked" DNC) Server?", he Wondered. On the Contrary, - "Why was the FBI told to Leave the office of the Democratic (Party's) National Committee (DNC) ?", he asked, even at Helsinki's Press Conference, fully attended by Numerous Mainstream Medias...

  - "I have been Wondering that, I have been Asking that for Months and Months, and I have been Tweeting it out, and I have been Calling it out on (Web's) Social Media : -Where is the (DNC) Server? I Want to Know. Where is the server, and What is the Server saying ?", (that some, probably, seek to Hide), Don Trump Questioned. 

  - However, "all I Can do is Ask the Question", observed the new US President, at least as long as the Special Investigator Mr. Mueller, Curiously, still, Refuses to Examine that Key point...

- "But, I doN't think that it can go on, withOut Finding ou What Happened to the (DNC) Server ! ... Where are the Servers ? They are <<Missing>>. Where are they ?", Trump lively insisted.

+ And, in Addition : - "What happened to the Servers of that Pakistani gentleman, who worked on the (Obama/Clinton Party's) DNC ?", the New US President went on to Question further...

Many Experienced Observers immediately reminded that he pointed at the Case of the 3 "Awan Brothers", from Pakistan, who had been Hired to deal with Dem. Party's Computer Servers at the US Congress, including that of former DNC's President, Debbie Wasserman - Schultz, (who had been Obliged to Resign, after that DNC Emails' Scandal, Comp. Supra).

The Awans controlled Dozens of MPs' Servers, whose Contents had been Moved Elsewhere, withOut even Informing them, and Handled in Violation of several Security Rules, while they were making several Visits to Pakistan, often working from there, by Remote Control methods, until Imran Awan was arrested at the Airport, on pretext of a Fraud, but, in fact, in order to Prevent him from Flying away, until Investigations were made.

Before being Fired, those strange Awan Pakistani Brothers were Working at the same DNC section as Seth Rich : the Young IT technician who was Murdered in 2016 on his Way Home, that Many have suspected to be the main "Leaker" of DNC's E-mails to "Wikileaks", whose Chief, Assange, has vainly Campained, together with the Victim's Family, to Find what Happened to him, (even with an Award of some Thousands $ for anyone who would provide Information able to lead to the Arrest of the Murderers).

+ But Don Trump advanced even Further, Today : - "What happened to Hillary Clinton’s emails ? 33,000 emails Gone, just Gone", he also Denounced in his prolonged Reply. "In Russia, they would not have been gone so easily. ...it is a Disgrace that we can’t get Hillary Clinton’s 33,000 emails", he regretted, in addition to all those Strange Incidents surrounding that Fishy affair of DNC's Leaks...

>>> Interestingly, by the way, according to CoE's "PanEuropean/International Treaty of "Budapest" on "Cyber-Crime", the "Criminal Offence" of "Data INTERFERENCE", is "Committed" whenever Anyone "Intentionaly" proceeds to a "DELETION" and/or "SUPPRESSION of Computer DATA", Unlawfully ("withOut Right", as it's written in its Article 4).

=> Hillary Clinton's 33.000 Emails' notoriously abnormal "Disappearance" from her Servers, (Comp. Supra), might fall under this category of Cyber-Crime too.

So that, among others, also Former Obama-Appointed 2013-2017 FBI Director James Comey's strange Failures to even Examine DNC's Servers on 2016-2017, (Comp. Supra), added to his notoriously Controversial dismissal, as allegedly not so important, of the "Disappearance" of more than 30.000 Emails of former SOS Hillary Clinton on 2016, clearly remind the Fact that the so-called "Intelligence Community" in the US Establishment does Not seem so Eager to Really Investigate and Find out All possible Incidents of eventual Interferences into the 2016 US Presidential Election, but, rather, Only those that they can Exploit Politically...     

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=> In Conclusion, both Presidents of Russia and the USA,  without really accepting, neither denying, a priori anything, in the lack of a serious examination of the Facts,

=> Strived to dedramatise and orientate the Debate about so-called "Interference" Attempts in the 2016 US Elections, in the framework of a much More Transparent, Balanced, and Thorough Dialogue, (f.ex. in front of a Court, and/or through a Legal Procedure established by Mutual Agreement, such as a Treaty, etc : Comp. Supra),

+ while, in addition, Urging to Enlarge the Scope of relevant Investigations to Various Other kinds or Incidents of probable Interferences by Several Different Factors, which have been curiously Neglected, or even Scandalously Ommitted by those who Insist to Accuse and give them Lessons from an obviously Partisan point of view, serving too Narrow interests of some Political Opponents.     

See, f.ex., among others, also the Cases of Soros' systematic Interferences in Other Countries, the Strange Refusal to check the DNC's Servers, and/or the Curious UnderEstimation of Hillary's "33.000" Missing e-mails, etc., as well as the Suspected "Money Laundering" of about Half a Billion €, by Transfering them (without even paying the due Taxes) from Russia to Hillary's Electoral Campaign in the USA, (See relevant Facts Cited Above), etc.

+ Moreover, by Agreeing to make certain Serious and practicable Proposals (Comp. Supra), the Presidents of USA and Russia managed to ...Kick the Ball into the Yard of their Critics :

=> Will, they, Now, Accept, at last, to Start Following a Transparent and Balanced Procedure, in order to Fuind all the Truth about All real "Interferences" on Elections, without Petty Partisan Exclusions, or Not ?

After this 2018 Helsinki Summit, History will Judge them all, (as well as the various People who are Watching what is Really going on).

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Top+CoE Expert on Cyber-Security Pavan Duggal to "EF": WEB INTERFERENCE IN ELECTIONS WILL BECOME THE NEW NORMAL !
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+ As for the General Issue of various Interferences, via the World Wide Web, in National a.o. Elections in the foreseable Future, in general, the Opinion of Experienced Cyber-Security Top Expert, and Keynote Speaker at CoE's recent International Conference on "Cooperation against Cyber-Crime", earlier this Month in Strasbourg (11-13 July 2018 : Comp. ..., etc), Pavan Duggal, a Supreme Court Lawyer and prolific Writer of Many Books, Organizer of Annual International Colloquia on Cyber-Law at New Delhi, and Chairman of the International Commission on Cyber Security Law (ICCSL), was resumed in a Brief but Essential and Topical INTW to "Eurofora" :

- In our Question, "Eurofora" pointed at the Fact that, Recently, with those Growing "Hot" Issues of alleged Web "Interferences in Elections", Cyber-Security Changed its overall Environment, passing from Traditional "Crime", towards a quite Different Context, where it's also "Freedom of Expression" which is at Stake, inter alia, as well as Pluralistic Democracy, so that Both Efficient and well - "Balanced" Solutions must be Found, in order to Avoid "Risks to Discredit" the Fight against CyberCrime, (as certain Other Keynote Speakers had just Warned, during that CoE's Conference). What could and should be done in such a Context ?, we asked.

- "I think that Web Interferences to Elections is, Now, going to Become the <<New Normal>> !", Duggal surprisingly Warned, in Reply to the above mentioned "Eurofora"s Question, from the outset.

- "It's Going to Happen", more and more, as we already saw, f.ex., in the case of "India, the Biggest Democracy in the World", he pointed out.

- In this regard, "the Only adequate Protection should be, potentially, Guided by the (Global) Cyber-Security Community", Duggal suggested.

- Inter alia, also "Because it can Influence Many Elections", he pointed out.

- And, "the kind of Power they (culprits) can get is Massive", he estimated.

- However, "Unfortunately, the electronic processes in the World, are Not yet Up to Date, in terms of coming up with the Adequate Cyber-Security Mechanism", Duggal Criticized.

 - In particular, "Cyber Security Law is a Priority Area", he pointed out.

- "But, we Need to Continue Working on that", the Experienced International Expert Urged, in Conclusion, on this Topical Issue.

  In this Context, the Fact that, Nowadays, the 2 Biggest Nuclear Powers in the World : USA and Russia, have just Started to Feel the Need to try to Use some Legal Tools in this area, according to the Proposal just made at this Helsinki Summit (Comp. Supra), as well as to Activate a Cyber-Security Experts Group inside the "G20" Summit, already since July 2017 in Hamburg, Germany, (Comp. Supra, and our NewsReports from the spot, f.ex.: ..., etc), Confirmed now at this July 2018 Bilateral Helsinki Summit, might Pave an interesting Way.

The Importance of the American and Russian Delegations of Experts and relevant Officials, during CoE's recent International Conference on "Cooperation against Cyber-Crime", between 11- 13 July in Strasbourg, (See, f.ex., among others, also : ..., etc), could prove to be just another Timely Step in this overall Direction, for the General Interest of all the Cyber-Community.